Many of Binance and other exchanges addresses are publicly known.

For example, take a look at tether rich list. Those are the addresses which hold the largest amounts of tether:
https://wallet.tether.to/richlist

Some of them are BTC addresses from exchanges. This is 1FoWyxwPXuj4C6abqwhjDWdz6D4PZgYRjA a omni address from Binance.

Exchanges also receive funds from LOTS of individuals. They need to send funds from hot to cold wallets and vice versa. Those cold wallet addresses will get known very quickly by anyone who is just looking at the blockchain.

Take a look at the bitcoin rich addresses list. There are many exchanges there as well:
https://bitinfocharts.com/top-100-richest-bitcoin-addresses.html



And, you can also check this domain which list all big exchanges addresses:
https://www.walletexplorer.com/wallet/Binance.com
https://www.walletexplorer.com/wallet/Bitfinex.com
https://www.walletexplorer.com/wallet/Kraken.com

And so on, just look for the exchange you want to know.