I start thinking now that maybe the drive itself has no problem but the problem is actually a corrupted TrueCrypt container which can lead to the same problems. TrueCrypt and SSD is not the best combination seems like it.

How about make a plan to start troubleshooting first the eventual software issues and the top priority is to analyze the error not try to fix it because it could lead to data loss, since it will be impossible to replicate the same issue on different hard drive.

I don't know if this would help but maybe raw clone the disk with something like Norton Ghost or https://hddguru.com/software/HDD-Raw-Copy-Tool/ if it gets trough. I never played with encrypted SSD, mechanical drives are much easier to recover.

1st. try to replicate the drive.
2dn. Analyze the encrypted partition.
3rd. If it's the partition then try to recover the MBR.

From experience I can say that there's much higher chance to get thinks working on an older machine, like 2011 model MB with SATAIII (3.0) controller, or from 2007 and before with SATAII. They work much more stable then the newest SATA releases. But this is just my personal experience.