Yes. This is the easiest angle of attack. Asymmetric cryptography is vulnerable to a sufficiently powerful QC. Known public keys are the low-hanging fruit.
OP, this thread might be worth a read.

Whilst a viable QC of sufficient power to hurt bitcoin is likely years away, the question of how to defend bitcoin is I believe still open. A post-quantum cryptographic solution would involve everyone having to move their coins to new quantum-safe addresses. What happens to coins that aren't moved? Or that can't be moved because they are 'lost'? Should they be burned? Should they be left to be stolen by a QC, which could quite conceivably cause market turmoil, a tanking price, and prove fatal to bitcoin? There's no obvious consensus here, no easy solution.