A pre season tournament has zero effects on how a clubside approaches a new season and to be honest; pre seasons are just to gain match fitness and fix match rustiness. To put into context, this is Rangers last pre season game while it was Real Madrids first ofcourse a team has to be fitter.
It does have some effects to some extent on the side of signing new players and renewing contracts. If Madrid lose like 2-3 matches in a row. There will be too much pressure on the club to buy a couple of good players. I have seen this kind of thing happen before.
Without preseason, the team would be comfortable as though everything was OK.
I think that even losses in several games in pre-season hardly have a strong impact on the selection policy of clubs, because there are a lot of nuances, especially if it concerns such a top club as Real Madrid. A lot depends on the level of sparring partners, when they start the championship or the preliminary rounds of European competitions, what loads the players are under.
I don't think those tournaments have an effect on a team as a whole, but what I think is possible is that it has an effect on individual players. If a young player plays his first games fora big club and maybe scores two or three times during such a tournament, it can definitely give him some confidence in his abilities. In total though I think it is relatively meaningless.