The most important thing that distinguishes POW from POS is network security as well as decentralization. The POW that Bitcoin operates on is the most secure and more decentralized and the more hashing power the more secure the network and this makes it very difficult to hack, but at the same time this makes the transaction take longer and the fees are higher. .
As for POS, I think its main advantage is lower costs, which makes fees lower and transactions faster, but the network security is much lower and there is a risk of the network becoming centralized if the largest share is concentrated in the hands of a few groups.