./peercoin-qt
peercoin-qt: kernel.cpp:622: unsigned int GetStakeModifierChecksum(const CBlockIndex*):
Zusicherung »pindex->pprev || pindex->
GetBlockHash() == Params().GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock« nicht erfüllt.
something goes wrong...

probably file corruption related, if you redownload the blockchain it might work, binary should be fine
otherwise you could try compiling with cleaning, and make sure you use the correct bererkeley db
also the preferable way to install it on linux now is using flatpak
https://flathub.org/apps/details/net.peercoin.peercoin-qt