I then first make one small test sending to my safe Ledger wallet address (legacy wallet) of 0.0001 bitcoin, where transaction fees are to be withdrawn from amount.
First of all, there is a difference between your original post where you claim to have send 0.0001 versus the logs:
Nettobeløp: -0.00100000 BTC
But anyway, based on the logs you posted the two outgoing transactios have a rather small fee attached to them. So fees are not the problem for your "missing BTC". If anything they might be the reason for your transactions still bot being confirmed, so not showing up as received on your ledger address.
Might I have been hacked somehow (im on a pretty new MacBook Pro)
Really hard to say based on what you shared this far. Any reason you edited the address and transaction-id from your logs you later posted. The problem for "disapearing" BTC is not in the transactions from your log.