I've never used a crypto debit card, but I don't see how anyone (at least in the US or any country with strict banking laws) could use one without going through some kind of KYC process. The government just wouldn't allow it, and Ledger sure as hell isn't going to run afoul of any government's regulations.
No, that won't happen. They have not mentioned anything about KYC in their announcement for the upcoming service, so someone might get the wrong impression that since they don't need to undergo KYC to use their hardware wallet or Ledger Live, the same will apply to the debit card. It won't.
We can see from the limited list of supported countries that they will try it out in well-organized western nations and the EU. If they wanted chaos, they could test it in the Balkans, Nigeria, or Venezuela.