Apart from the highly rich information about cryptocurrencies that can be gotten in this forum, can you also earn?
I heard of bounties and I'm yet to properly know how it works, but aside from the bounties program are there any other medium of earning here?
Yes, with what some reputed members have provided you above, you can go through this thread:
Career Through Bitcointalk, Why Not? Newbie May Need To Know!How do I attract merits?
Studying this forum, getting acquainted with it, knowing more about bitcoin and having quality posts.
What do you mean by quality posts? Is this an example?
Well constructive and coherent, no plagiarism no spamming, no copying and pasting. The posts you out thoughts into. As well as the posts that kind of post that do not violate the forum rules. Checked merited posts. Although, some unmerited posts are quality posts, stay more on this forum, read more than you post and you will be able to give the perfect answers to this yourself as you will see quality members and the ways they are posting.
Additional bonus:
Unofficial list of (official) Bitcointalk.org rules, guidelines, FAQ