As for passphrases (sometimes incorrectly called a 25th word)...
It's a called a 25th word intentionally to make it clear that we are talking about the type of passphrase that is added to the end of your seed to extend it with an additional string for better security. It's not the same as the "passphrase" used to refer to a password you use to encrypt your wallet file. It's a bit confusing that we use the same term for two different things.