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iknow random private key: how to find y is
small range or
big range atleast guess

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Given that you just have a private key, the following Python should do the job:
import bitcoin
x, y = bitcoin.privkey_to_pubkey(0x1)
y
# 32670510020758816978083085130507043184471273380659243275938904335757337482424
bitcoin.P//2 # largest Y in small range (half-point)
# 57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728792003954417335831
y <= (bitcoin.P//2) # is Y in the small range?
# True
y > (bitcoin.P//2) # is Y in the big range?
# False
x, y = bitcoin.privkey_to_pubkey(0x2342894628594562)
y
# 71330341832925324932671693360847559747200395582836470462164954141700301225628
y <= (bitcoin.P//2) # is Y in the small range?
# False
y > (bitcoin.P//2) # is Y in the big range?
# True