HODL ~ Hold On to Dear Life
You have your coins/token in your wallet or account and the coins/tokens is accessible to you for usage such as trade, transfer or payment but you choose to keep it for a period of time usually over a year because you believed it will gain against Fiat or any other reasons.
Staking ~ you send your coins/tokens to an external wallet that you can not access for a specified period of time inorder to earn passive income usually on a daily basis but it can also be at the end of the specified period.