No, you cannot redeem Satoshi's numbers. You can just transfer them to your address.
And yet, that's what "redeem" means...
gain or regain possession of (something) in exchange for payment.
Also stop calling it "Satoshi's system"; it's cringe. It's our system, those are the rules WE have decided to follow, it's a currency WE verify, WE are the central banks of it. (Precisely, the last one describes the miners, but we're free to start mining)
Satoshi or any other authorities have no power here.
Who has the written liability to redeem that numbers and what's the maturity?
No one deals with liabilities, by default, in our system and that's a feature. We don't have to use debt in such system, unless one wants to borrow money. When you sign a Bitcoin transaction, there's no one promising coins, owing coins etc.,
it's a settled transaction that cannot be reversed.