Re: How can you verify the randomness that's coming from a hardware?
Rolling a dice gives certainly more than 2 bits uncertainty, since 2 bits is one of 4 choices, while the dice is one in 6.
I don't follow. In 4 out of the 6 results, it gives 2 bits (00, 01, 10, 11) while in 2 out of the 6 results, it gives 1 bit (0, 1). Isn't this (4*2 + 2*1)/6 = 10/6 = 1.666 bits in each result on average?
You can't just split and add probabilities at will.Entropy works like this:
So, of course, in our case P(xi) is always 1/6 and we get
H(X) = -1 * (1/6*log2(1/6))*6
= -1 * 1/6 * 6 * (log2(1/6))
= -1 * -2.5849625...
= 2.5849625...