While GPS is indeed a receiver, in it basic for it is passive, since it was built for the army in a way that when you are in an enemy territory you don't emit a signal and thus you can't be detected, but today there are variants that are Active, not to mention the complementary services that are there track and sent those data back, If I'm not mistaking modern planes are equiped with such device, but I'm not so sure
Nonsense. You clearly have no idea how GPS works. It is 100% passive. There are way to improve GPS accuracy and the time it takes to acquire the signal that rely on cell tower triangulation, A-GPS (which just grabs up to date GPS satellite location data from the network), differential GPS etc, but none of those involve talking to the satellites. GPS satellites simply do not have any capability to receive data beyond control data from the operator, and none of the systems mentioned will work when there is no cell coverage.