That user was me

It's not the DNS. Indeed changing the DNS did help, but after this I contacted my ISP. They use exactly the same DNS, and had no problem whatsoever. When I do a traceroute I can reach every hop, except for the last one. So, probably I am getting blocked, and it isn't a DNS problem. Also at the moments the website does not work, I can still ping it, which resolves to the correct IP.
But it is getting better, the site is working quite often for me now.
Thank you for your feedback. We'll work on a solution with Shopify support.
Our DevOps will PM you later today.