I don't think that's even a good type of business for the insurance companies. For sure if someone has a gambling insurance, that gambler won't be scared of losing anymore as there's a backup that he can get money again.
Even if it's just one or two claims per year, that would be a lot of money for the insurance company and they'll for sure be abused by those gamblers that would find them as a back up.
It's not just about the privacy issue but also about the insurance company itself that could go bankrupt too quick if there are too many claims.

I do not think that this is a bad business, rather there is no demand for it. For example, I am ready to insure anyone against gambling (and make an insurance payment much more often than twice a year), but it is unlikely that anyone will buy insurance from me, because I will not sell it to my own detriment, right? The business must be profitable, so I am ready to insure anyone for any amount, but the cost of insurance will be equal to the cost of the insured bet + 10%. That is, if you want to insure $100, then I am ready to do it for $110. It is unlikely that there will be many who want to buy such insurance

Insurance companies are businesses and there's no dumb company would definitely be offering these things to a gambler which they do know that it would be no sense on having one.
On the thing you had mentioned then i could say its a pretty clever thing but for sure it wont really be that appealing on someone to take that insurance basing on the amount
that had been mentioned.

Insurance and gambling couldnt go nor intertwine with each other because it is really just having no sense at all.
But if someone could really deal up with that then we might see these things in the future but it is unlikely imho.