You do not have the private key to the address used and also you did not have the wallet.dat. which means all possible means you need to recover your coin you thought to be nothing in the past but now something of value has not been in place by which in the past, and now you want to recover it back. You need your private key or wallet.dat is all that I know
Yes, I'm asking if I'm still in the position to recover the private key or the wallet.dat given my circumstances.