Depending on the investment, then sure, you might have greater prosperity if you've waived immediate gratification. I think you're overlooking the risks of investing a bit though.
Does it therefore mean that the outcome of an investment can be determined in advance when we delay enjoyment/gratification?
Not exactly. You can be disciplined and not spend your funds frivolously -- that does not guarantee the outcome in investing. Investing is still a risk. I'm not sure how discipline with your finances would allow you to predict the outcome of an investment.