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You can obtain some explanation from bitcoind --help. You also could use bitcoin-qt --help.
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I cannot see anything beside these 4 letters. Aren't there any more info from walletnotify? Like amount of BTC?
I know I can do
amnt=$(./bin/bitcoin-cli -getinfo | grep wallet_name | cut -d " " -f1)
Not directly. IIRC you can get amount of BTC using
.