Simply put, a node is a networking device with an IP address that aids in connectivity with other nodes.
I'm not sure you explain it poorly or confused between term "node" and "server" when the context is Bitcoin wallet. When people say "networking device", they usually refer to device such as router, switch or wifi receiver. Obviously you can't run Bitcoin full node on such device.
Nodes have less information that a server does.
Usually true, but it depends on feature of each node/server implementation.