Apart from rugpulls and influencers scam that are very famous with altcoin investment there is one particular side I want you to be much aware of.
Many altcoins you are seeing right now are build on "Make the project, promise the entire world rare utilities and never really deliver anything, they will keep using words and investors will keep hoping.
That was the case during the bull market, unfortunately hundreds of projects managed to attract the crowd then died slowly like NFTs projects or suddenly like Luna and FTT.
According to Coingecko, the popular Cryptocurrencies prices tracking website, 40% of the coins that were listed in 2021 are now dead, and that's measured by many factors like trading volume in the last two months, or news revealing a scam project, or even a self request from a project owner to deactivate the tracking.
This happened before and will continue to happen as long as the market still unregulated yet I believe people have now more resources than before to spot a scam project.