Any way to check that the funds are safely in my Exodus wallet?
It depends on the wallet, but the wallets that I have used, like Electrum wallet do indicate that a transaction is confirmed or unconfirmed. If unconfirmed, still do kit accept the transaction until it is confirmed.
Some wallets require a certain number of confirmations before marking the transaction as "complete". That's probably why your Jaxx wallet is still showing pending.
He sent it from Jaxx to Exodus, pending on Jaxx but already confirmed on Exodus. Maybe Exodus works like Electrum in a way that unconfirmed transactions appear on balance even if the transaction if not yet confirmed.