That is possible if you have SSH access to the box and you are connecting to domains rather than IP addresses - you need to create new certificates for those domains, that are self signed, and then place them on your box. Since you are the one who initiates the connection, you will be able to decrypt the traffic going and coming between that mining pool and yours.

Then, you can run Wireshark on the miner and just have it run in the background while you mine and inspect the packets that it dumps.