Question:
How do Bitcoin and its blockchain actually work?
The real question here is:
Do we need to understand how it works to use it?
And the answer is "NO", just like your car engine, you don't ned to understand how the fuel becomes movements, you only need to know how to start it and drive it. And the same happens with Cryptos, people only need to understand how to send, receive and back up their address, that's all. The technical side is not a must for use it.
We still need to learn the basic. if not then there is no way we can send the transaction to other people. Sending transaction, receiving transaction, setting up the wallet, and installing the wallet is part of the thing called "how it works". Though it is not in-depth knowledge, it is still part of the terms of how Bitcoin works. We do not need to learn how to code and what made up its code but we should learn how to use it.