A bull market is a period of time when the stock market or crypto market is rising and is expected to continue to rise. This is a time when investors are optimistic and confident in the economy, and are willing to buy stocks. A bear market is a period when the stock market or crypto market is falling and is expected to continue to fall. During this time, investors are pessimistic and worried about the economy, and are more likely to sell  their stocks. To make profits during a bull market, investors can buy stocks or crypto that are expect to perform well, such as companies with strong financials, good earnings reports and positive news. During bear market, investors can make profits by shorting stocks, which involves betting that a stock will fall in value. They can also invest in defensive stocks, such as those of companies that provide essential goods or services that people will always need.