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The reason Real Madrid borrowed Kepa Arrizabalaga was not because of financial conditions, they refrained from spending money at an unplanned post. Real Madrid has spent a lot of money in the transfer market, one of which was to bring in Bellingham for a transfer fee of € 103 million.
Real Madrid still has cash that can be used to bring in new players, the funds that have been prepared are not to bring in new goalkeepers, but to look for quality strikers if needed.
Courtois will return soon after undergoing treatment, Ancelotti can still rely on the goalkeeper he currently has. Real Madrid prefers to save their money in order to bring in Mbappe because Perez really wants him to join the Real Madrid squad.
Real Madrid don't have financial problems as rumor has it, it's a bit ridiculous about them. I haven't even heard of that rumor going around for the last few seasons so they can afford to buy their target player even at a very high price. Bellingham is the latest player to have a high transfer value for Real Madrid so I don't believe Real Madrid is currently in a bad financial condition.
I may agree that Real Madrid have no intention of looking for a replacement goalkeeper for Courtois, but his injury has forced Real Madrid to move to a short-term option where Kepa is the most worth it for their needs. Lunin is not as good as expected, so Kepa is expected to do much better this season.