I think it is very unlikely that the cause of the worsening pollution in Jakarta is caused by crypto or bitcoin mining alone. Because even though crypto mining does use very large electrical resources, it can indeed cause carbon pollution. However, if I look at the activities that occur in the city of Jakarta, the fact is that there are many other things that pollute the environment more and make air pollution in Jakarta very bad. Examples include the large number of motorized vehicles and the large amount of waste originating from factories.

Source: https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.cnnindonesia.com/teknologi/20230827103741-199-990996/5-biang-kerok-polusi-udara-jakarta/amp

For this reason, crypto mining in Jakarta cannot be completely blamed for the increasing pollution that occurs in Jakarta. Because even though electric power also has a big impact on causing pollution. But you need to remember that crypto mining is not the only thing that uses electricity. But there are many other things in Jakarta that use electricity. Moreover, Jakarta is the center of the city, so life there definitely requires electricity in every sector. So in conclusion, blaming crypto mining as the biggest trigger for pollution in Jakarta, I think this is far from correct.

If you look at a global scale, I think that in certain countries crypto mining is indeed very large, such as in the United States, which definitely requires more electricity, and perhaps the pollution it causes will also be greater. So on a large scale, crypto mining can also cause more or less pollution. But for now I think the pollution caused by crypto mining is still minimal compared to other pollution factors.