Maybe there are ways we can successfully avoid phishing emails and links 100%, if there are, I do not know any, but we can verify if the link sent to us is genuine or not.

Use Link Checker Tools.
A link checker tool helps verify if the link is safe or not.
"Google transparency report" is a popular link checker. It's easy and fast. Just copy the URL you want to verify search.

This image clearly shows that there are no unsafe content found on the URL I used "Bitcointalk".
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A relatively more advanced link checker tool is URLVOID. This shows what different tools have to say about that website.
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URLVoid tels the date of registration and the IP address and also on how many tools has that site been detected as unsafe.
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This image shows that this website have been detected by one tool as a malicious link. The higher the detection counts, the higher it's unsafe.

THE SITE MUST USE HTTPS.
Emphasis on the "S"
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This should be common knowledge.
A site that uses HTTP doesn't necessarily mean it's a scam site, but it's most definitely means a site like that is more likely to be compromised.
You might as well just hand over your data to a cyber criminal if you input your data in these kind of site.

Verify the ownership and how old the site is.
Tools like "WHOIS search" helps you know when the site was registered. A lot of scam sites are relatively new and they may not appear as malicious on URL checker.

Backline Analysis tools.
This is a URL that can take you to a website from another website.
A fake or scam website won't feature on many other websites while the reverse is the case for an authentic site.
Ahrefs site checker is a tool that can be used to check websites backline profile.
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No way a scam website has this much backline and linking websites.

If you somehow click on a malicious URL, either by mistake of knowingly, don't panic. In the process of trying to copy the URL to verify you may mistakenly click it, if you do
*Do not enter any data
*Don't click on anything on the site
*Disconnect from the Internet
*Do a full scan of your device using a trusted and authentic antivirus software
*Keep and eye on your account for any irregularities.

Bonus Tip:
Don't use one or two passwords for multiple accounts. If you do that, once cyber criminals get hold of one password, they have access to all or multiple of your accounts.
If possible, every account should have its own password.