What advice could you give me now ? Should I recreate a cold private key or my security was actually not too much compromised ?
I will start with something simple, that should answer your initial questions: "there's no cloud, it's just somebody else's computer" (actually server, but yeah).
As advice, I have the feeling you use electrum connected to the internet anyway, so the actual advice would be: get yourself a hardware wallet before it's too late. And yeah, generate (there too) brand new wallet.