- In this way, consensus is achieved, even though there is no blockchain to speak of. Even though the system is highly chaotic and unordered, the state is always valid.
Consensus is not about validity, it's about equality of data, which may be invalid and/or unordered. Although later you admit the need for a partial order to resolve conflicts, it's not clear what exactly you mean. There you can see how some projects aim to leverage a total order of potentially invalid data to get higher programmability & scalability:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5478975.0 Anyway, a node itself is not a resource of consensus, which has to be based off of something unforgeable. We had an entertaining thread about this recently:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5478152.0