-snip-To launch Electrum, I run the following command in a terminal:
python3 Electrum-4.5.0/run_electrum

I guess there is a small bug in the software, yes?
In old versions of Electrum, the icon would have changed to a bright blue color when it is connected to the nodes.
Have you tried using the automatic server option and turning off the "Use proxy" settings?
As far as I know, if the network is connected and using Tor, the orb color is blue, while if it is not Tor, the color is green.
I haven't tried using Electrum through Tor. Maybe the guide at the following link can help you:
https://electrum.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tor.html#linux