The government officials from those countries are taking advantage of the fake projects for infrastructures or any type of project that they can have their kickback.
It's sad that it became a norm and the people can't do shit against these corrupted government officials as they've been put into there through votes but I think there's still the bigger power from the people that they can get kicked if they do it altogether.
if you look at the extent to which politicians are just too smart to steal money, you will know that politicians are people you are supposed to be scared of because there are projects that are not even in progress and they have collected money and spent it, and since it is a fair share, nobody is holding anybody responsible for anything, and that is why such acts is even continuing. Politics is one of the most corrupt games I have ever seen. They don't give a damn about anything they want, whether it is money or how they will spend it, and even if the poor are not trying, there are privileges they can also enjoy, starting with providing jobs and opportunities, but they don't see other people as a priority, which is why the number of unemployed people is increasing, That is what they want.
Well, it's common in most developing countries and that's why it's no longer a secret thing that whether there's project or none, there's always the commission behind that project and thats' what kick back is called.
It seems that activities like this have become a normal thing in every government, they use funds that can increase in value but the quality of the goods is not of the quality they originally planned. Many governments really like corruption, as long as they have the opportunity to do it and it is not known to many people, it will continue to be carried out. As long as the people can gather all the available evidence, officials who are proven to have committed corruption will be dealt with clearly. Because basically corruption is an act that is very detrimental to the country.
That's another one, getting contractors for the infra projects and pay them cheaper and the contractors will use sub standard materials whilst the budget, the actual one for funding remains the same. But since the contract is lessened, the excess budget will go to you know.