I think that one of these will cause our doom: a Virus, Aliens or a Solar Storm.
Why Aliens? I don't buy it. Plenty of opportunity to have done it by now and we're still here.
Solar Storm is a very good one. In 1859 there was a solar storm so powerful the aurora borealis (or the northern lights) was visible from Cuba. Telegraph posts caught fire. Imagine what a storm like that could do to your mining rig