Try exposing the kid to altcoins first if you don't like him expose him to BTC yet. The kid will learn more about how blockchain works just as how BTC works. He will still learn about BTC even when he isn't holding Bitcoin.
No need to expose the kid/teen to altcoin first, the teen need understand about Blockchain and Bitcoin in particular.
Teach them while they are still young, no need to hide the information from, the subject Bitcoin isn't a new concept again even the younger generation now do transactions with it and have more exposure than some of us. Financial Knowledge is very important and the best means is incorporating the idea into our children at early age, no need to talk about patience and the likes OP, those are secondary with your guidance and primary information they will stick to it. The attributes you mentioned, some investors don't have, overtime all will fall in place.
The last thing I will do when I have kids is to shade them away from Financial and Relationship Informations.