Cursory web searches don't throw up much at me, though the 2010 value overflow appears (to me, at least) an example of how a lack of client diversity in Bitcoin could lead to network failure.
I think you didn't find this page,
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures.
or a new audience found them accessible (let's say, I'm just thinking out loud, a client twice as easy to use than Core).
In past i tried 2 different full node (gocoin and bcoin), but Bitcoin Core remains most accessible option. Bitcoin Core also remain full node with fastest IBD/initial sync. So there's no reason to use other full node software, unless you care about diversity or develop something with specific needs.