In other words, just a random atom from the universe is chosen but the path to the next numbers is pre-determined by this process.
I think that I understand your point. However, the path is not as restrictive as you fear, hence the result is still from a big enough set of values. It was built to be wide and it was checked too.
Even more, nobody forces you use HD wallet if you don't trust it. You can still generate a private key in the old fashion way. Just you will not gain anything in security (you will get numbers from the same range as from a HD wallet actually).
However, if you think you want to become really technical with real numbers, you may want to move this topic to "Development & Technical Discussion"