From the article, it says Teaser Bet is a type of parlay bet. With that said, I don't think there's any difference between Teaser bet and Parlay Bet because it's just a different name for it, same thing about Multi Bet because it's basically a combined bet that allows you to get bigger odds. Because I think sports betting is only about single bets and parlay bets/teaserbets/multibets, although there are many options that we can choose in sports betting, but it is only limited to two types of bets, about single bets and parlay bets, because based on the article you included also said Teaser Bet is a type of parlay bet. 
You are not wrong, those are all parlays including the one in Sportsbet which is the Betbuilder. The same game parlay is also one of them. Although all of them are parlays they have different features which I think what is OP is trying to point out. The Teaser bet is where you can adjust your odds and it might help out for those who are doubting some of their games and get some good handicap in the process.
The same game parlay already says it in the name and I actually use this a lot more than the normal parlay which needs to be in different games but it can be the same sport.
I think it's good that we can see every possible way to parlay our bets because who knows if we are better on those types of parlays than the normal ones.