There is a big difference as in: the table itself (or the thing the information is storred on) can not calculate. You can calculate more efficiently while using such a table. That does not make the paper the table is written on a calculator.
I disagree. The way RAM works is if you feed it an address, a number, and you get a value out, a number. The essence of calculating is converting one or more input numbers into one or more output numbers, regardless of how you do it. A lookup table is a perfectly valid way of calculating things. If you feed two one-digit numbers into something and outputs their sum, then it calculated that sum, regardless of its method.