Would a “Bitcoin-only” economy be more stable or more volatile than the current fiat system?
A bitcoin-only economy is simply a highly centralized economy that runs like the fiat system.
It would be stable because the government will make sure they control everything, and anyone who will not agree with the government's terms will find out that their stack of bitcoins has become useless.
But this is not going to work at all. They both can coexist, and the economy will be fine, but for this to happen, Bitcoin will be very regulated.