In my country, what causes economy problems is the rise of petroleum, fuel and other gaseous substance, once the price of these chemicals go up, then the economy is in doom where it's hard to solve the problems, everything rises in price even a product that doesn't use fuel to function.
The amazing part is that, the government officials never care much about this but always come up with fail projects to lift this matter.
That's composed of two things, but I think these two reasons, corruption and high petrol prices, really are the main drivers of a country's economy.
From food to manufacturing, everything needs to run through fuel and even the energy and electricity. Welp, in developing countries people are aware of what kind of leadership they have.
And so, the only thing that they're leaning on is themselves. The opportunities that they're the ones looking for and for them to get as much resources that they need. Instead of the government to be there to help them provide.