What is Near Protocol (NEAR)? A Quick History Lesson

If you’ve heard NEAR described as “a user-friendly, sharded Layer-1 with fast finality,” that’s a good start—but the story is richer. NEAR launched mainnet in April 2020 and has since focused on two big ideas: (1) scale through Nightshadesharding and (2) soften the crypto UX with accounts and powerful key permissions. In 2024–2025, NEAR doubled down on “chain abstraction,” aiming to hide multi-chain complexity from end users, and introduced NEAR DA—a data-availability service targeted at Ethereum rollups.

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