In the bin/32 folder that I extracted I have bitcoin-qt but, "There is no application installed for shared library files." In my previous client version (8.6) there was an executable bitcoin-qt file.
If you check the file permissions, you will see that it
is an executable file, not a shared library. Apparently some file managers don't actually check the file permissions to determine whether a file is an executable or not. It should run normally from the command line or a desktop shortcut.