No, benefiting is not sufficient. I benefit every single day from technology and capital I don't own and from products I have never bought. I've never used an oil tanker directly and neither have I paid for it directly. Yet, I benefit from oil tankers every single day, and it's perfectly ok. What would NOT be ok is if I benefit DIRECTLY from a product without paying for it.
If you borrow a Pen or Pencil from your friend to write a note, are you are committing a crime? You are benefiting from something directly that you did not pay for.
It depends on what kind of relationship you have with your friend. Is it very likely that your friend would say yes to lending you his pen or pencil? If so, then borrowing is not a crime. However, suppose you borrow 1 million dollars from him (his entire life saving) to go gambling in Las Vegas. Then you WOULD be a criminal, because this is something that he would very likely object to very loudly.
If you write a novel with the borrowed pencil, does the novel belong to you,
Yes. At most I have to pay a few cents for borrowing the pen.
or do you have to share the profits with the owner of the Pencil.
No sharing.
What if he lent you the pencil conditionally? He let you use it to erase something but not write something.
Still no.
What if the pencil he lent you wasn't his pencil to lend? You had no right to write with it.
Still no. He could go to a civil law suit against me and I would have to fully compensate him for using the pen, but the novel I write will in no way affect the compensation. It will ONLY be for using his pen, whether I use to write doodles or a novel.
You get the idea.
Yeah I do. All these examples has nothing do with IP.