In theory, someone could use one of those cell towers that are meant to spy on people using the cell tower. (there is a thread in politics and society about this). The attacker could make it so your cell phone does not use encryption, requests a 2FA code they know will be delivered to your phone and then intercept the code, and not deliver it to your phone. If they know your account credentials then they would have access to your account.
No they could not.
First, they could not disable encryption on your phone. They would require root access to do that.
Second, even if they did that they could not "intercept" your 2FA code. That 2FA code is not generated from a server somewhere to be intercepted, it is generated by your phone using a time based code.
Neil