Funny, but my 11yo niece has asked me more or less the same thing this afternoon (no joke). That was a nice opportunity we had, to talk about Capitalism/Communism, barter/money, libertarianism/statism... all these Manicheisms of our world...

I was amazed to see how interested she was on the subject.

Now, answering your question: I believe that a moneyless society would not make much progresses. It would be crippled and restricted to tribal life... maybe would be a "big family" style, like some South American Indian tribes...