As far as I can tell,
the donations work like this:
Every day, the votes are counted from the day's blocks. The donation amount is calculated as 1% of the day's emission times the percentage of "yes, donate" votes. Then 1% of the day's emission is subtracted from the not-yet-donated amount (which starts out as 1% of the total supply). Then the donation amount is rounded down to get rid of dust.
Basically this has the same effect as if when each miner votes "yes, donate" 1% of the block reward goes to the developer, and if they vote "no" nothing goes to the developer.
You can correct me if I'm wrong.
So it takes donation not from the miners directly, but from a donation set aside from the total supply.