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In order to fight against the problem of climate change, it is fundamental to attack the problem from the beginning, that is, by reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, either by reducing the anthropogenic emissions of these GHGs or by reducing them. removal of the atmosphere (fixation in sinks, carbon capture ...).

However, even if the emission reduction targets set by the different national and international initiatives and mechanisms are met, the effects of past emissions are already having and will continue to have their consequences at local level in the coming years. years. As the Stern Report states (Stern, 2006), not addressing this challenge adequately would have much more negative effects: the cost of climate change if no measures are taken will be 20% of GDP, while adopting mitigating and adaptation measures would cost as much only 1% of GDP.

Thus, the need to take measures to minimize these changes and their negative impacts is urgent, and to do so, all possible tools must be used. This is the responsibility of the Adaptation.

Carbon monoxide clouds, emitted by some of the 14 million cars that have at least a decade of life. Sulfur that reaches the lungs of millions of inhabitants every day. This is, without a doubt, the best scenario to prove that an ecological vehicle can be a commercial success. Since 2005, Mexico will be the first country in Latin America to see how much - a hybrid car can tempt consumers accustomed to massive doses of pollution.

While some think that hybrid cars (provided with two engines, one that works with fuel and another with electricity) will not bring tangible benefits to users, others believe that their participation will grow inexorably; The truth is that these vehicles will begin to be part of daily life. Honda intends to sell 2,000 units in Mexico annually and Toyota - it could launch its own in 2006.

The debate will pay on land more than fertile in the local economy, because this year will be joined two paradoxical events in the national automotive history: the opening to import old and polluting cars (the so-called chocolate) of the United States and the arrival of Hybrid cars with very low polluting levels.

The challenges associated with the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts induced by natural resources could well come to define peace and global security in the 21st century. Global trends, such as demographic changes, increased consumption, environmental degradation and climate change, are creating significant and potentially unsustainable pressures on the availability and usability of natural resources such as land, water and ecosystems.

The message of United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki-moon on the International Day for the Prevention of the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflicts recalled that "since 1990, at least 18 violent conflicts have been fueled by exploitation of natural resources such as wood, minerals, oil and gas. Sometimes, this is due to environmental damage and the marginalization of local populations that do not benefit economically from the exploitation of natural resources.

Green energy or renewable energy is obtained from natural and virtually inexhaustible sources such as wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, tidal, solar, etc.

In Spain there is a mechanism called System of Guarantees of Origin and Labeling of Electricity, with which an official organism can grant a certification to all the kWh that are produced from these energies. In this way, companies that buy energy with this certification are considered green energy marketers.

The most common forms of green energy are:
Solar: Collecting solar radiation through photovoltaic panels or solar collectors, this can be transformed into other forms of energy such as electricity or thermal energy.
Wind: It is the energy obtained from the force of the wind, that is, by using the kinetic energy generated by the air currents.
Hydraulics: It is a type of mechanical energy and is obtained from the accumulated power in the waterfalls with turbines that move an electric generator. In Spain, this energy is 15% of the total.
Biomass: It is normally obtained from the combustion, fermentation, pyrolysis or gasification of woods, fast-growing plants, remains of animals or cultivated algae.
Mareomotor: It is obtained from the tides transforming the energy of the movement of the waves into electrical energy with the help of an alternator.
In 2016, the consumption of green energy in Spain was 16.2%, according to Eurostat (the European median is 16%), although the state objective is to reach 20% in 2020. Its price, despite the that is usually thought, is similar to that of non-renewable energy, depends on the company with which we hire the service

Few fields, such as healthcare, are currently subject to constant changes and innovations. One of the most common criticisms refers to the lack of a formal evaluation of the consequences on health and costs, as well as the ethical, legal and organizational aspects, have these innovations before their introduction and dissemination in clinical practice. systematically or even the little use of these evaluations in practice.

Since the available resources are always limited and face an almost infinite demand, since the same technology generates new needs, it is necessary to make difficult decisions about what to provide, how and to whom in short, prioritize, so it is of great importance.

Regional Fund for Agricultural Technology (FONTAGRO)

FONTAGRO finances scientific and technological research and innovation projects in the agricultural sector with the aim of contributing to the reduction of poverty, the increase of the competitiveness of agrifood chains and the sustainable management of natural resources in Latin America and the Caribbean.

The fund works as a competitive and transparent mechanism that finances regional projects that have to have at least the participation of two member countries and the proposals are evaluated by specialists external to the Fund, using criteria of economic, social and environmental impact, technical quality and institutional capacity.

This fund finances projects of an average of US $ 400,000.

Seed samples stored in the seed vault are copies of samples stored in the genebanks reservoir. Researchers, plant breeders and other groups that wish to have access to seed samples do not have access to the seed vault; They must request samples in the genebanks repository.

The seed vault works like a safe in a bank. The bank owns the building and the depositor owns the contents of its box. The government of Norway owns the building and the genebanks deposit owns the seeds they send. Sampling in Svalbard does not constitute a legal transfer of genetic resources.

The only time that an institution claimed the seeds saved previously in Svalbard was in 2015, on the occasion of the war in Syria. The bank that was in Aleppo (ICARDA) housed the varieties of the driest areas of the world, but the conflict caused the warehouse to be totally destroyed.

Expand this section to learn more details and access online resources related to ITC activities in the field of green technologies.
In addition, green technologies have grown in volume over the past twenty years to reach levels comparable to those of the aerospace or pharmaceutical industry. The global market in 2008 reached $ US. 600,000 million and it is expected that by 2020 this market will reach US $. 3 billion.

ITC works in close collaboration with the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and with the United Nations Economic Commissions for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP), for Africa (UNECA) and for Europe (UNECE), as well as with national sectoral associations and with governments in the promotion of green technologies.
ITC's training programs in trade and environment comprise six main areas. These programs facilitate trade, reinforce supply chains and improve the competitiveness of exporters of ecological goods and services.