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Board Mining
Re: Cost efficient mining hardware project
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 19:52:46 UTC
cypherf0x: I'm certainly interested, although not sure how much use I would be. For what it's worth, I'm currently studying for a master's in physics, focusing on computational simulation of real systems, so I've got a decent mathematics/software background, just not much on the hardware. I'm actually quite tempted to grab one of the dev boards mentioned here, not that I expect doing so to be profitable (nor entirely relevant to this project), since it seems like as good a way as any to pick up some general knowledge in an area that looks as though it could suit me well.

bulanula: Pretty much everything you say about bitcoin could equally be said of gold, surely? The fact that it can be mined and can't be traded directly for most goods and services doesn't preclude its value or usefulness.

If you want to play with FPGAs the Spartan 6 LX9 MicroBoard is a really good place to start.  You can google it, Avnet makes/sells them.  They're less than $100
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: Cost efficient mining hardware project
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 05:32:14 UTC
I'd like to contribute somehow as well, although probably with the later stages such after the initial prototypes have been built, as I don't have as much FPGA experience as others here.

You said you might need people for "general support" roles, I'd be willing to help however I can.

I spent a few school semesters doing VHDL on a Xilinx board, so I have general working knowledge of how everything operates, I'm decent with C/C++, networking, etc - so just let me know if and how I can help out.  Maybe after you have a prototype designed and plans put out onto the internet I can download them and attempt assembling one and give you detailed feedback.

I hope this project gets going quickly and actually succeeds at making working prototypes, sounds very fun!

I'm planning on trying to avoid FPGAs just because of expense though it's possible that one will end up as the control chip.
Post
Topic
Board Hardware
Re: Official Open Source FPGA Bitcoin Miner (Just Released!)
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 05:09:27 UTC
Nice!

Though to repeat what was said elsewhere FPGAs are not cost effective unless you already own the hardware so don't run out and buy dev boards.  It's a little more involved than point and click to get them running.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 02:42:31 UTC
FPGAs are only cost effective if you already have them for other purposes.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: Cost efficient mining hardware project
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 00:31:22 UTC
Just thinking out loud here.  You say 500Kh/sec (maybe you made up this number?).  The low end "good" GPUs today are about 300Mh/sec.  So you would need 600 of these chips to equal one GPU.  Is that really going to be feasible in terms of h/$ and/or h/W.

It's a made up number, I don't know the performance of those chips.  It may take more, but they'll still use less power.

Another alternative is to buy ATIs development hardware and make a board that uses the GPUs purely for computation.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: Cost efficient mining hardware project
by
cypherf0x
on 20/05/2011, 00:28:23 UTC
Let's not hijack this thread with philosophical or emotional BS and keep it topical, shall we?

Count me in for hardware/software design, testing, and general input on scalability.  My background is IT/datacenter management; have already implemented designs with Microchop and Digi microcontrollers.  As an aside, you think crypto chips will yield superior results to the $16 Spartan 6's with 45k LEs?

Well the idea is R&D.  There are a lot of encryption and security based chips that will do SHA-256.  It's actually prototyping boards and testing their speeds.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 22:50:54 UTC
Yes the problem is not the lower profits of the average miners, it's the high centralication of hashing power. And if some universities or whoevers fpga cluster can put this much hashing power to the network, some 3 letter agencies can put bitcoin down with the snap of a finger (ok, not REALLY putting it down but performing the >50% hashing power attack, thats not much better).
What bitcoin needs to get strong enough is that the average miner is using the same maximum effective technology which any entity could bring up. Therefore miners must switch to fpga/asic mining or the algorithm needs to be extended to be no more highly parallel computable (but I don't know if that's even possible as every software basically is faster if implemented in hardware).


It would be trivial for them to do as well.  Once you get >%50 of the computational power you can basically counterfeit transactions and as long as > 50% of the network validates it, it's valid to the protocol.

No, no, no.  This is completely 100% WRONG.  You don't seem to understand how any of this works at all.

With more than 50% of the hashing power, you can hide a double spend for a few minutes, and only from funds that you have legitimately.  You can not counterfeit anything.

I stand corrected then, I haven't really put time into researching attack vectors yet.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 22:49:20 UTC
I still find absolutely no evidence of a massive hashing machine, whether powered by unicorn dust or by FPGAs.

One person has been making very sketchy claims, which of course he can't provide any evidence for because the Men In Black offered him 25% to keep quiet.  That is 25% of a venture that is highly unlikely to be profitable even if they didn't have to pay him hush money, by the way.

If you think that the recent jump in difficulty was caused by a mythical super-cluster coming online in the last day or two, you really need to go back and read up on the retargeting process.

Actually it was 25% and an NDA on the implementation.

If I did a screencast of the system then someone could say it was faked with a script too.  In the end there are always people who don't believe despite whatever you show them.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 22:28:42 UTC
Yes the problem is not the lower profits of the average miners, it's the high centralication of hashing power. And if some universities or whoevers fpga cluster can put this much hashing power to the network, some 3 letter agencies can put bitcoin down with the snap of a finger (ok, not REALLY putting it down but performing the >50% hashing power attack, thats not much better).
What bitcoin needs to get strong enough is that the average miner is using the same maximum effective technology which any entity could bring up. Therefore miners must switch to fpga/asic mining or the algorithm needs to be extended to be no more highly parallel computable (but I don't know if that's even possible as every software basically is faster if implemented in hardware).


It would be trivial for them to do as well.  Once you get >%50 of the computational power you can basically counterfeit transactions and as long as > 50% of the network validates it, it's valid to the protocol.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 20:58:50 UTC
Does anyone here think the original creator(s) of BitCoin ever forsaw this happening?
If not, how do you think they feel about it?
I, for one, welcome our new miner overlords.

This is the beginning of the end for bitcoins. Those who control the mining control the coins. If you're a big enough fan you'll probably be able to convince yourself that it's still better than normal fiat money, but the average person won't.
Why?  Just because mining won't be as effective for the average person doesn't mean that it cannot still be used as a currency.

I think it's a reference to the >50% computational power attacks on the network
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Cost efficient mining hardware project
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 20:42:25 UTC
FPGA clusters work, but... they're so expensive that you'll likely never recoup your investment.

The FPGA approach is the high tech way, but what if there was a way to do it simply?  The double SHA-256 is what needs to be accelerated.

There are cryptographic accelerator/security chips that will do SHA-256.  They may not be as fast as a FPGA or graphic card chip but they have a huge advantage over both in two areas
  • They're cheap
  • They're very low power

So what if you can only get 500KH/s out of it? It's worthless right?

Wrong, considering some of these chips cost less than a dollar and they're tiny so you can fit a whole lot of them on a board.  Yes there's IO considerations and other design requirements but those can be handled.

If you factor in the cost of power and hardware for current mining setups it's plausible to be able to create a stackable board at near the same cost point though using a fraction of the power.

And yes, this is going to be open source/open hardware.  The difficulty is going to keep going up making the power hungry GPUs less cost effective for mining.  Which means if you have the desire you can download a design and build it yourself if you so desire.

Anyone with hardware skills is welcome to join.

On fundraising, the current bitcoin stock system is crap.  On that the project will sell shares of the future project mining operations.  The shares will be PGP signed by the master project key and will later be transferable to a stock platform should a user friendly/accessible one be produced.

If you want to be part of the hardware or software team degrees are a plus but completed well documented projects are worth as much or more.

We need general support roles too.

If there is enough funding the standard development platform with be Altium as it will cover the whole process including FPGAs should one be included on board for management.  If it's on a shoestring then it'll be a hardware team vote (or whatever the majority of us already have)

There will be a lot of IC sampling and prototyping involved (Aka, the fun part) with the focus on relatively inexpensive chips already in mass production.  This is a research project meaning iterations of smaller less expensive prototypes before taking those lessons learned into making a larger board with more resource investment to loose.  I'm choosing to do it this way because of lots of experience with projects.  The big ones tend to fail, but the ones that encourage quicker iterations of working prototypes tend to survive based on the psychology of having successful attempts.

A tiger may be able to eat something big, but a colony of ants can do the same job more efficiently.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 18:35:45 UTC
Quote
I think someone has succeeded in fpga/asic bitcoin flooding
That seems to be a common misconception present in this thread.

As for an ASIC, I highly doubt anyone is foolish enough to drop >$1,000,000 of their own cash to have developed one. Also, it takes a long time from start to finish. Bitcoins weren't all that popular a year ago. They still aren't (outside of our little bubble).



Very true, but what if there was already a source of something equivalent to high speed SHA-256 ASIC. Wink
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 18:32:48 UTC
based on the huge difficulty jump today.... I think someone has succeeded in fpga/asic bitcoin flooding Sad

*bell ring*
We have a winner!

Two FPGA clusters went live.

I can't really describe the feeling of learning that the two initial units were for prototyping and there were RACKS of them to be used when idle.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: Mining difficulty rate!!
by
cypherf0x
on 19/05/2011, 18:31:52 UTC
That's what happens when two FPGA clusters are added.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 18/05/2011, 04:21:39 UTC
Hey cypherf0x,

I just got into bitcoin and ran across your post here. I have my own startup and we run a small design/assembly service as part of our business. We have the capability to assemble FPBGA/LGA parts on PCBs and I would be really interested in working with you on a low cost Spartan-6 FPGA board. I know I would be willing to put ups some of my own cash to fund some initial board revisions, and with a little help from the community we might be able to produce a batch of these at a really compelling price.

Interested?

Aaron


Yeah, send me a PM with your email.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 18/05/2011, 01:50:07 UTC
Okay, so you fit "around" 1.5 engines on a chip. is it me or doesn't that make any sense at all?

I never said I fit 1.5 engines on a chip.  I apologies if some of the numbers implied that since they were ballpark estimations based on short runs.

You're free to doubt, it's your time spent.

Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 18/05/2011, 01:26:43 UTC
Quote
A single pipeline is now doing about 133MH/s with the chip around 210MH/s total
Trying to make any sense of this.
a) You have a 120+ stage unrolled pipelined engine at 133MHz. You fit 1.58 of em? what the hell is 0.58 of a engine?
b) You have a single registered round running at 133MHz. one bitcoinhash = double-sha256 takes 128 or so clocks. you fit 200 of those - ~ 208Mh/s.
let's assume B
you need to store at least a..h and W 0..15, that's 24*32 = 768 FFs per engine.
times 200 engines. thats 153600 FFs
a S3-5000 has 66560 FFs... nope
a S6 LX100 has 126576 FFs... still nope
a S6 LX150 has 184304 FFs... 83% utilization just for the storage FFs. far edge of plausible

For adder utilization it gets hilarious, you need at least 8 32-bit adders per round.
Times 200 single-round engines thats 1600 32bit adders...
half of a S6s slices have carry logic, each of those can do 4 bits of a adder, that's a max of 988 32 bit adders on a S6 LX100, 1439 on a LX150... we need 1600... ?!?

I have the sneaking suspicion someone didn't realize one bitcoinhash = 2 sha256 blocks...

I don't know where you came up with 133MHz out of MH/s.  There is the 'about' and 'around' meaning values are not absolute.  The speed average was a bit high initially.  You're also making design assumptions.  There are highly optimized commercial hashing cores available for FPGAs too.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 18/05/2011, 00:47:44 UTC
Without having an actual Spartan-6 LX150 board on hand, I ran my design through ISE quickly. This showed that the LUT consumption is indeed similar to Altera's, so there does not appear to be any area improvements by using a Xilinx device over Altera.

What I do not know, however, is how fast Spartan-6 LUTs operate compared to Altera's, for apples-to-apples speed grades. If they run faster, it would indeed be possible to get more bang for your LUT. I get 80MHz in my design, resulting in 80MHash/s burning 80K LUTs. The Cyclone4-150 or Spartan6 LX150 may fit two full hashing pipelines (128 SHA-256 rounds per full hashing pipeline). This would double their performance. The Cyclone4-150 achieving 160MHash/s. If the Spartan6 is faster, it could possibly achieve >200MHash/s as you've reported.

You could get faster speed grades, but those are typically a bit more expensive. I haven't calculated whether a fast speed grade would balance out the cost for its improved hashing speeds.

It's actually about 90MH/s over time per pipeline but the speed average jumps around a bit at first but settles over a longer run.
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 17/05/2011, 22:05:07 UTC
If anyone is looking for an inexpensive FPGA to experiment with try the SPARTAN-6 LX9 MICROBOARD.  I've gotten a lot of messages asking about it and these boards are USB and cost less than $100
Post
Topic
Board Mining
Re: FPGA mining for fun and profit
by
cypherf0x
on 17/05/2011, 21:31:05 UTC
I got only one question. Where the heck can you even buy these things like "PICO EX-300?" All I find are specs and specs. I guess you need to study computer engineering for 10 years just to see one of those?

They're expensive enough you have to call the sales office to order them.