And i've read that halvings correlate with intense boom and bust cycles that end with bigger prices. Why is that? And what effect does a bitcoin halving have on its price inflation?
After any halving, there's 50% less Bitcoins being mined per day and as such mess Bitcoin available for sale leading to lower sell pressure and hence demand grows against supply. Of course earlier investors have Bitcoin to sell, but miners are the only source by which new coins are introduced into the market.
There is also the psychological effect, for a long time halvings have been associated with price increases, so investors and traders expect bull runs after the halving leading to an increase in demand and the propensity to hold for higher prices.